酸奶加工步骤有哪些?

Yogurt is a nutritious and mellow dairy product that is loved by consumers worldwide. For those who want to enter the yogurt production industry, it is crucial to understand the yogurt processing steps. In this article, we will analyze the production process of yogurt in detail with Shuliy’s yogurt processing line to help you better grasp the key aspects of yogurt processing.

原料准备

酸奶生产的第一步是准备高质量的原料。主要原料是新鲜牛奶或奶粉,辅料可能包括糖、果酱、稳定剂等。牛奶的质量直接影响最终产品的口感和品质,建议选择新鲜、无污染的牛奶来源。

牛奶
牛奶

预处理(过滤和均质)

Before formal processing, milk needs to be filtered to remove impurities. Next, homogenization is carried out, i.e. the fat particles in the milk are broken up by a high-pressure homogenizer to make the yogurt finer and smoother in taste, while preventing the milk fat from floating up.

灭菌

为了确保酸奶的安全,牛奶需要在高温下灭菌,通常采用巴氏杀菌(保持40分钟)。此过程能有效杀灭有害微生物,同时保留牛奶的营养成分。

Milk sterilizing tank
牛奶灭菌罐

冷却至发酵温度

灭菌后,牛奶需要迅速冷却至适合乳酸菌生长的温度(一般为40℃~45℃),以营造理想的发酵环境。

乳酸菌接种

将特定菌株的乳酸菌加入冷却后的牛奶中,充分混合。乳酸菌是酸奶发酵的关键成分,它将乳糖分解为乳酸,使牛奶变稠并产生酸奶的特有风味。

发酵

发酵是酸奶加工的核心步骤之一。牛奶在恒定温度(40°C~45°C)下保持6-8小时,让乳酸菌充分发酵,将牛奶转变为具有凝固结构的酸奶。此过程会逐渐增加酸度,口感更加醇和。

搅拌与冷却

发酵完成后,酸奶需要轻轻搅拌以获得更均匀的质地,并迅速冷却至约4°C,以抑制乳酸菌的进一步发酵,稳定酸奶的口感和品质。

添加配料(可选)

如果是调味酸奶,可以在此步骤加入糖、果酱、坚果等配料,以增强酸奶的风味和口感。

包装与存储

经过酸奶质量检测后,即可进行灌装和封口,封口方式包括塑料杯、玻璃瓶或铝箔包装等多种方式。包装完成后,酸奶需要存放在2℃~6℃的冷藏环境中,以保持新鲜和口感。

Yogurt packing machine
酸奶包装机

运输与销售

最后,成品酸奶通过冷链运输到超市、便利店等销售渠道,进入市场供消费者购买和享用。

结论

Although the yogurt processing steps may seem complicated, with the Shuliy yogurt production line, each step can be handled efficiently and automatically to ensure stable product quality. Whether you are a startup or a large-scale yogurt producer, mastering the right yogurt processing steps is the key to success.

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